Nasal obstruction is a common problem that affects many people. It can be either a minor discomfort or a serious disorder that makes breathing, sleeping andeveryday life difficult. This article presents the most common causes of nasal obstruction, ways to recognize them, symptoms, and available solutions to improve symptoms.
What is it?
It refers to any condition that causes partial or complete obstruction of the nasal passages, making it difficult to breathe through the nose. The blockage can affect one or both nostrils, be temporary or chronic, and vary in severity. Because the nasal passages play an important role in filtering, humidifying, and warming the air we breathe, this condition can affect overall respiratory health and quality of life.
Common Causes:
- Scoliosis of the nasal septum
The nasal septum is the wall that separates the two sides of the nose from each other. When this wall is deviated, it restricts the flow of air, making breathing difficult. - Nasal Polyps
Polyps are benign lesions in the nasal passages or paranasal sinuses that are usually caused by chronic inflammation. - Allergic Rhinitis
It is an allergic reaction to allergens such as pollen, dust or animal hair, which causes swelling in the tissues of the nose. - Chronic Sinusitis
Prolonged inflammation of the paranasal sinuses can cause a feeling of pressure and nasal congestion. - Irritating Factors of the Environment
Smoke, chemicals or air pollution can cause irritation to the nasal passages. - Nasal Turbinates Hypertrophy
Nasal turbinates are structures inside the nose that warm and humidify the air. When they swell, they can block the flow of air. - Non-Allergic Rhinitis
Inflammation of the nose that is not due to allergies, but to changes in weather conditions or to certain medications, such as nasal decongestants (Medication induced rhinitis).
Recognition of Symptoms
Symptoms of nasal obstruction include:
- Difficulty breathing through the nose
- Breathing through the mouth, especially during sleep
- Pressure or pain in the paranasal sinuses
- Sneezing or runny nose
- Decreased sense of smell and taste
Effective Solutions
- Medication
- Nasal Corticosteroids: Reduce inflammation.
- Antihistamines: They help with allergies.
- Decongestants: They offer temporary relief and need care in their use.
- Saline: Moisturizes the nose and helps cleanse.
- Lifestyle Changes
- Avoiding Irritants: Smoke, dust or strong odors.
- Allergy Management
- Immunotherapy for long-term relief.
- Surgical Treatment
- Septoplasty: Alignment of the deviated diaphragm.
- Nasal Turbinate Cauterization: Reducing the size of the nasal turbinates
- Endoscopic Surgery: Removal of polyps from the paranasal sinuses.
When to seek medical help
If the nasal obstruction lasts more than a few weeks or interferes with daily activities, it is important to consult an ENT specialist for diagnosis and treatment.
Conclusion
Nasal obstruction can seriously affect the quality of life. With the right diagnosis and personalized treatment, many patients can find relief and restore their normal breathing.
